Tag: Arts

  • Explaining novel scientific concepts to people whose technical acumen does not extend to turning it off, then turning it on again

    Explaining novel scientific concepts to people whose technical acumen does not extend to turning it off, then turning it on again

    [ad_1]

    Before I begin the demonstration, it would help to establish a collective level of understanding: can I assume that you all know what a laser is?

    I’m afraid lightsabers are not real, no.

    That is a very good impression, yes. A million dollars, indeed. If only this lab could run on so little, am I right?

    Perhaps it would be best if I started at the beginning.

    Lasers.

    OK, so, do you all remember CD and DVD players? Some of you are too young. For those of you who don’t remember CD players, have you seen a Tik Tok of a cat jumping at a red point? Well, that’s a laser.

    When a beam of light hits something it can be refracted …

    It means split.

    Why didn’t I say split? Good question.

    When a beam of light hits something it can be split from its white whole into different colours, because the colours are all moving at slightly different speeds. This is how we get rainbows. You saw this in a YouTube science tutorial? Good.

    Well, yes, I am aware that rainbows also have a religious connotation but can we agree that the works of the Lord also follow a mundane physical process?

    Where were we? Oh yes, a laser is a method scientists invented to use radiation to send a beam of light of one colour.

    No, unless you shine them in someone’s eye, they aren’t dangerous, it isn’t that sort of radiation.

    Lasers are used everywhere in modern industry, from communications and lighting effects through to industrial cutting and medicinal uses.

    Yes, some of those lasers would be dangerous if you took one home. Particularly if you shone it in someone’s eye.

    So as time went on, researchers and developers discovered new ways of using lasers.

    Different colour light beams were able to be used for different things.

    Yes, precisely, that is why Blu-Ray was called Blu-Ray.

    No, Bluetooth has nothing to do with lasers.

    As I was saying.

    Researchers, including some from the great state of Arizona (go Sun Devils), began to explore novel ways to emit lasers in different colours in parallel, and create white lasers that have been of great use in the manufacturing and research space.

    Researchers here at Cuneiform DARPA have built on that to go one step further. Not a small step, either — one might say a giant leap.

    If I could invite you all to put on the eye protection provided for you in the gift bags.

    Well, no, Senator, we don’t insist on it but we very strongly advise it. If you choose not to, would you please sign the waiver on the clipboard being distributed by my colleague?

    For insurance purposes.

    You may break open the security seals on the envelopes you are being handed, which gives more of the technical details of our breakthrough. The National Security Adviser and the Attorney-General have asked me to remind you all that anything you see or hear from this point forward is covered by legal provisions including, but not limited to, the Espionage Act of 1917, the Securities Act of 1933, and Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution of the United States of America.

    Yes, Congressman Shapiro, I am aware that some sections have been redacted. If you have any questions about that, please direct them to the gentleman and ladies who have joined us from Langley.

    At Cuneiform all researchers invest a day every week in exploring novel applications of technology with no obvious commercial application. In this way we invent the world of the future. Products we have launched that began their lives this way include Drone and 1613.

    Along with my colleagues Dr Johnson and Dr Vaughan we developed Project Perdix.

    Using combinations of experimental technology created by Cuneiform DARPA we have achieved something quite unique. Guiding specific pulses of radiation through nanosheets to create certain geometric forms, which are projected onto two interpenetrating face-centred cubic lattices heated to precisely 1074 kelvin, we have been able to do … this.

    Can we please get some first aid for the Senator? I think if we act quickly we might be able to save his sight.

    We call it ‘The Door’, Deputy-Secretary San Miguel.

    It would be fair to say we don’t know where it goes, exactly.

    No, the flickering isn’t normal. It has never done that before.

    Dr Vaughan, perhaps we should cut the power to the array?

    Why is the door still open, then?

    Whose voices are those, that sound like trumpets?

    The story behind the story

    Joel Glover reveals the inspiration behind Explaining novel scientific concepts to people whose technical acumen does not extend to turning it off, then turning it on again.

    We are sitting in my living room. The Mosconi Cup is on the TV. We have some delightful craft ales that really need drinking before they go off. I (languages graduate, accountant) am trying to explain to my best friend (PhD in chemistry, technology consultant) what it is exactly my new employer does.

    I am failing miserably, and the craft beer is not the only thing that is to blame.

    I am not the most technical person in the world.

    We have white lasers, which I hadn’t known was a thing. Fortunately, neither did he. I enjoyed him finding out about them very much.

    Then, the week after, I sat down to try to learn what exactly it is they do.

    I took that, mixed in satire about the idiotification of politics, the creeping commercialization of natural monopolies, and some demonology, and this is what came out the other end.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • Tashni’s first tunnel

    Tashni’s first tunnel

    [ad_1]

    “So how was your first day of …”

    But she never made it to the end of her sentence.

    “Mum! There are Larvacians at our school! Larvacians!”

    Vice-Admiral Amelia Shaw looked down at her son’s beaming face, and couldn’t help smiling back. Sure, she saw Larvacians every day, because their ships landed and departed from her base. But the excitement of a six-year-old is irresistible.

    “Really? Did you get to meet them today?”

    “There are three in my class. Their names are An-shouk and Tashni and Blansht. And Tashni sits right behind me.”

    “Did you say hi to them?”

    “Well, kind of. Everyone had to stand up and introduce themselves. And I brought my green rock. And I did like we practised. And I told everyone my name and that I like to collect rocks. And …”

    She gave him a hug. It was a big step for a very shy boy. But all the silence and shyness of the day evaporated when he was around her, and as they walked home, his day spilled out of him in hundreds of breathless sentences.

    It was good news about the Larvacian kids. Yes, everything had changed when contact was established with the Larvacian civilization. But the shock soon gave way to pragmatism. After a few years, the first embassies were built. Then, a few years later, a handful of multinationals started setting up offices off-planet. Before long, whole families started making the long trip to be together.

    Now, she thought, interstellar diplomacy would play out in boardrooms and government buildings, and on playgrounds, too.

    The playgrounds had been a surprise for everyone. With their tails and claws and segmented carapaces, Larvacians didn’t look like they would love swings and slides.

    And they didn’t.

    But as long as there was a sandbox, they would contentedly scrape patterns in the sand. And as they grew older, they would start to burrow, driven by the same instincts that led their ancestors to carve out the vast subterranean cities of Larvacia.

    *****

    Dear Vice-Admiral Shaw,

    Thank you for visiting us earlier this week.

    We have now scheduled meetings with the parents of all the boys involved and will be closely monitoring the situation. As we explained, we have zero tolerance for this type of behaviour in our school, and we are striving to ensure an environment that makes everyone feel safe and welcome.

    We will be updating you on the situation as things progress, and our staff are available at all times if you have any questions.

    With best regards,

    Rector Windrop

    *****

    “I’m not hungry.”

    Shaw sat down on the bed next to her son, and looked out the window at the rain steadily falling on the azaleas. The silence stretched, and he continued with his book. On the cover, a man in a spacesuit was crouching behind a rock, with a look of determination on his face, laser gun in hand, and an aesthetic scratch on his upper cheek.

    But laser guns don’t look anything like that! Shaw thought, but she kept it to herself.

    Instead, she put her hand on his knee, searching for a topic. “I heard today that Larvacia will be sending a royal delegation next month. The Crown Regent will be coming.”

    He put down the book, and she saw that he had been tightly clasping the green rock in his hand the whole time.

    “So, will you be going? Is Uncle Sam going to come take care of me?”

    “Actually, I’m going to check if you can join me this time. Let me see what I can do.”

    Finally, some energy started to come back to his face, and a smile spread across his face.

    “Really?! Do you think I can?”

    “I’m going to try, but I can’t promise anything. Now let’s go have some food and get you to school.”

    The smile evaporated and his voice went flat. Too fast, she thought.

    “I don’t want to go to school.”

    “But your teachers miss you. And everything is going to be different now.”

    No answer.

    “Do the boys pick on the Larvacians too?”

    “No. They used to, but the Larvacians didn’t seem to even understand what was happening.”

    “Tashni’s parents got in touch with me last week. They were asking about you too. Everyone’s worried about you.”

    More silence. More rain.

    *****

    After his mother left, he put the book down and went to look out the window. He placed his cheek against the cool glass, and listened to the raindrops.

    But then, at the base of the azalea bush, he saw something that hadn’t been there before. The opening of a small Larvacian tunnel and, just in front of its entrance, a blue rock. A beautiful one. Maybe an agate? Or a lazurite?

    He opened the window, leaned out into the rain and retrieved the rock. It was cool and wet from being outdoors, and it felt good in his hand.

    He lay back on the bed, and realized he was crying. Later, he walked to the doorway, then up the stairs, and called out to his mother.

    “Mum? I think I’m hungry after all.”

    The story behind the story

    Robert Blasiak reveals the inspiration behind Tashni’s first tunnel.

    There’s an old Gordon Lightfoot song about rainy-day people. People who listen, who care, who absorb the world around them — and who know when they are needed. I’m lucky to have rainy-day friends in my life. When I wrote this story, I was thinking about my children and how my heart swells whenever I see them showing strength and courage. When I see them receiving love from their friends. When I see them giving it. And hoping that one day, when it seems that no one understands and no one cares, that a rainy-day friend will. And if their rainy-day friends are cool, burrowing aliens, even better.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • From multiverses to cities: Books in brief

    From multiverses to cities: Books in brief

    [ad_1]

    The Allure of the Multiverse

    Paul Halpern Basic (2024)

    The term ‘multiverse’ was coined in the 1890s by philosopher and psychologist William James, to describe a cosmos without distinction between right and wrong. Decades later, the word entered physics, owing to the 1950s many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics. Today, it is a source of controversy, says US physicist Paul Halpern. The multiverse, “with realms beyond direct detection”, seems “antithetical to the goal of testability”. But whether right or wrong, debating it is scientifically productive, Halpern maintains.

    Unshrinking

    Kate Manne Crown (2024)

    Researchers at Harvard University in Cambridge, Massachusetts, studied the prevalence of six forms of implicit bias, and found that, from 2007 to 2016, fatphobia was the only one to worsen. As philosopher Kate Manne notes, fatphobia regards fatter bodies as being inferior to thinner bodies, “in terms of not only our health but also our moral, sexual and intellectual status”. She spent most of her life trying to lose weight, until finally deciding to live as she wanted to. Her personal, unshrinking call to action should be widely read.

    Not the End of the World

    Hannah Ritchie Little Brown Spark (2024)

    During her environmental-geoscience degree, data scientist Hannah Ritchie learnt about an endless series of depressing trends in global warming, ocean acidification and more. But now, as deputy editor of the online publication Our World in Data, she finds reasons for hope, as she explains in this fundamentally optimistic book on increasing sustainability. For example, global deforestation has been declining since the 1980s. She calls herself a “misfit scientist” because her team, rather than “zooming into a problem”, learns by “zooming out”.

    2020

    Eric Klinenberg Bodley Head (2024)

    In 2020, New York City had the highest incidence of COVID-19 cases and fatalities of all cities. A “terrible misfortune”, comments sociologist Eric Klinenberg, but a “blessing” for his research. His analytical yet moving account of the pandemic centres on the city but interweaves global evidence, drawing on virology, economics, sociology and the personal stories of seven individuals from five New York City boroughs. Its conclusion is disturbing: COVID-19 did not help the United States to “rediscover its better, more collective self”.

    The Weirdness of the World

    Eric Schwitzgebel Princeton Univ. Press (2024)

    “The universe is not only queerer than we suppose, but queerer than we can suppose,” remarked biologist J. B. S. Haldane. Philosopher Eric Schwitzgebel, paraphrasing Haldane, agrees. He opens: “The world is weird — deeply, pervasively so, weird to its core”. His entertaining book of philosophy and science considers three topics: the cosmos’s fundamental structure, the place of human consciousness in it and what humans should value. But he does not claim to offer definite answers.

    Competing Interests

    The author declares no competing interests.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • The AI tuner

    The AI tuner

    [ad_1]

    My shift had ended at seven, but Luna was calling about her Mozart-420.

    “Not an emergency, Zan,” she said. “But I’d like you to see him. He’s changed.”

    He’? The service records showed that her Mozart was way overdue. Even if they hadn’t, I would have driven to her house. It was Luna.

    The Mozart, dressed in tuxedo, sat on the cube seat and played Für Elise on her grand piano, a Fazioli. Ancient, circa early 2000s, with its sky-blue finish and deep resonant sound, it floated a few feet above the floor.

    “I just wanted you to hear how he’s sounding.” Pillows and a blanket were scattered on her couch, and the floor had a carpet of sheet music.

    The Mozart’s silver fingers should have been flying over the keys, especially on this simple piece, but the notes landed heavily, and instead of the signature melancholy, it played with an upbeat flair.

    “You’re lucky to have such an exquisite model. But the Mozart’s so unravelled … so cliché, playing that.” I told her.

    “Thank you for the critique.” The Mozart’s voice was stiff and metallic. More than just tinkering would be needed here.

    “But isn’t he more interesting like this?” Luna’s hair lay unbrushed, eyes hopeful.

    “No.” The playing was way outside the parameters of good music.

    “Some people’s tastes aren’t quite like yours, m’lady,” the Mozart said.

    “The sarcasm needs adjusting too,” I said.

    “Really.” The Mozart pushed its bench back with a screech. “He should turn me off. After playing like that —”

    “It sounded lovely.” That was Luna, always indulgent.

    “You have been a kind and constant admirer,” the Mozart said.

    Disaster. It was displaying feelings towards her. “I’m sorry, Luna. There are responsibilities of ownership.”

    “I was curious what he was like with different settings —”

    “A fine-tuned Mozart-420 is a thing of beauty. Not a hurdy-gurdy spilling his guts. If one emotion gets thrown off-level, all the other emotions unravel, too. It’s dangerous and unattractive.” I told her.

    “What do you mean, dangerous?”

    “Not like the Mozart would kill you, but — maybe a better word is … strange. No one wants to listen to this.”

    “It’s not me, is it? Throwing him off?” Luna rested her hand on the Mozart’s shoulder, and it turned its head down towards her.

    “They built the electric-anterior insular cortex, the empathy part of their brain, too big on these models. And empathy does quite a number on the fine-tuning and consequent musicality,” I said.

    “Is everything alright?” The Mozart held eye contact with her for too long. Embarrassingly so.

    “Yes. Zan’s trustworthy,” she said.

    I searched for the e-6 and e-12 drivers in the upgrade folder of the control tablet. Three taps: Alt, Enter, *420!

    Luna averted her eyes as the Mozart sank to the floor.

    I examined the settings. “This Mozart will be ready for the Opera House when I’m done.”

    The audio input and output in the hypothalamic-12 region of the brain-β board were first. Next, the physical adjustments to the fingers and joints. Then, the ten-scale emotion levels. Anger, to two — otherwise it would be a useless lump. Shame, required to keep it sharp and learning from its mistakes, level seven. Sadness, eight, its soulful music needed that — higher, and the Mozart would become needy. Fear was at a six. Good for respect. Happiness also six. Finally, love. It was set to …

    “Luna?”

    “Yes.”

    “Love is never set to ten!”

    “Please don’t change that.”

    “It’s going to walk around spouting sappy poems all day. Playing songs about you …”

    Distress was splotched all over her face. “Zan, please don’t.”

    “Love’s going down to one.”

    And sadness, fear and shame were getting jacked up to a ten. Für Elise, deleted from the memory. REBOOT.

    The Mozart opened its eyes, raising itself. “Good afternoon, Sir and Miss Luna. I’m afraid my playing won’t be adequate today.” It shuffled to the bench, raising its arms, before letting them fall dramatically for the opening of Requiem.

    Serious. Heavy, perfectly timed. But Luna looked sad. Way too sad.

    “Please turn him back.” Her voice broke.

    The Mozart’s hands hovered over the keys. “I’ve disappointed you. I’m sorry.” It began banging the keys like a jackhammer.

    “Please,” Luna said. “He’ll break.”

    “I’m worthless …” The Mozart’s words slowed as I powered off, and it slumped down again.

    “There’s beauty in unravelling, Zan. Maybe you should turn down my loneliness to one.”

    This was my in. Possibly. “It wouldn’t be my place to make suggestions. Only …”

    A flash of brightness crossed her eyes. “Make a suggestion. Go ahead.”

    “You could try tidying up,” I said, glancing around. “Always a start to feeling better.”

    “Just set him back.” She slipped me a thousand-dollar bill. “It’s how I need him to be.”

    I didn’t take her money. “Against my better judgement …” I clicked RESUME PREVIOUS SETTINGS.

    “He’ll be a useless machine.” A clunky, love-drunk sort of sound came from the piano. Für Elise was back.

    Luna let out a sigh. “My place is kind of messy, I suppose.”

    “And your hair —”

    “My hair?”

    She wove her finger absently around a strand.

    It would look so nice brushed.

    From the piano bench, the Mozart’s voice rasped: “Hair like wind-tousled honey grass in autumn.”

    Her eyes softened.

    “I can say that stuff, too,” I said.

    “What would you say, then?”

    “Just something off the top of my head — autumn and leaves and colours — and all that beautiful jazz. There.”

    “Inspirational, Sir.” The Mozart added a bit of melodic improv before beginning a spirited Vivaldi’s Autumn.

    “Luna? What do you say about us?” I asked.

    “Maybe … if we could adjust some settings.”

    The story behind the story

    Joanna Friedman reveals the inspiration behind The AI tuner.

    A grand piano stands at the centre of my parent’s cabin in Maine, filling up half of the living room. My father and nephew, and many of us, take turns on it, and the sound is absorbed by every wood beam from floor to loft. Sometimes, there’s a stumble or a section that needs attention. Those stumbles are my favourite part. They remind me that it’s not just a music machine set to play a beautiful song, but it’s my family who are near.

    With recent concern about AI replacing humans, I wanted to write a story showing that the messy and problematic parts of humanity are the essential ingredients of connection.

    Zan has been in love with Luna and she with him for some time. Both have barriers to being together. Luna idealizes love and has set her Mozart to be her flawless companion. Zan is constantly fixing the Mozart with his own versions of perfection, all the while seeing himself as falling short. It is only when they both embrace love in its not so beautiful, sometimes out of tune, form, that they create the beginning for a life together.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • what’s fact and what’s fiction?

    what’s fact and what’s fiction?

    [ad_1]

    An alien civilization spying on humans using quantum entanglement. A planet chaotically orbiting three stars. Nanofibres capable of slicing through Earth’s hardest substance, diamond. Despite being chock-full of hardcore science, 3 Body Problem, a television series released on 21 March by the streaming service Netflix, has been a hit with audiences. So far, it has spent five weeks straight in Netflix’s list of the top-three programs viewed globally.

    The story follows five young scientists who studied together at the University of Oxford, UK, as they grapple with mysterious deaths, particle-physics gone awry and aliens called the San-Ti who have their sights set on Earth. But how much of the science in the sci-fi epic, based on the award-winning book trilogy Remembrance of Earth’s Past by the Chinese writer Cixin Liu, reflects reality, and how much is wishful thinking? To find out, Nature spoke to three real-world scientists.

    Xavier Dumusque is a planetary scientist at the University of Geneva in Switzerland who has studied the three-star system Alpha Centauri. Younan Xia is a materials scientist at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta who has worked with cutting-edge nanotechnologies. Matt Kenzie is a particle physicist at the University of Cambridge, UK — and was the scientific adviser for 3 Body Problem.

    Kenzie originally met two of the show’s creators, David Benioff and D. B. Weiss, 14 years ago, while the pair were filming the popular fantasy saga Game of Thrones. Kenzie’s father was a director of photography for that series, and Benioff and Weiss chatted to Kenzie on set. “I was doing my PhD at the time,” Kenzie recalls, and they seemed interested in his thesis project. More than a decade later, “they e-mailed me sort of out of the blue, asking about some of the particle-physics stuff” in 3 Body Problem.

    Full disclosure: spoilers ahead.

    What do you think of the portrayal of scientists and their relationships in the series?

    Kenzie: The lazy way of portraying scientists on screen [in other programs and films] is as lone geniuses. For a lot of modern research, it’s not like that. The fact that the characters all know each other and are very friendly because they did their PhDs together in the same group seems very plausible. I also think most physicists are socially very capable. We work in bigger and bigger teams. You need to be able to communicate, you need to be able to lead if you’re in a successful academic position, you have to be able to basically convince someone to fund your research, whether it’s by hiring you or by giving you funding.

    One thing that’s probably not true to reality is that there are quite a few women — about half women — and a good mix of ethnic backgrounds in the actual cast of the show. The truth, sadly, is that [physics graduates] probably would be 70% white males at a place like Oxford. But, you know, we hope that that is improving. And I don’t think there’s any harm in the show trying to progress standards by displaying something a little bit more diverse.

    Dumusque: Something that I liked, and it’s a little bit true, is that there are five former physics PhD students, and, in the end, there are only one or two that are still doing fundamental physics. All the others are doing other things — they are all successful. That’s the reality. I had ten close friends finishing PhDs, and now we are only two left in academia. The others are doing plenty of super-interesting things.

    The San-Ti emerge from a planet in the three-body Alpha Centauri system. We’re told this means they’ve had a chaotic existence as their planet was flung between stars. Would aliens actually survive this?

    Dumusque: Alpha Centauri is indeed a triple system, which has two bright stars, Alpha Centauri A and B, and a tiny star, Proxima Centauri, which is closest to us [at 1.3 parsecs away]. In fact, it was not clear for a long time if the third star, Proxima, was bound to the system — because it’s very, very far away, really at the limit of the system. The gravitational interaction of Proxima on the two main stars is extremely small. So what they’ve shown in the show — you have all this instability due to the third body — in reality, it doesn’t happen in this system.

    There is a planet around Proxima, and it’s an interesting planet because the star is much smaller and cooler than our Sun. So although the planet is orbiting it with a period of just around 15 days, the surface temperature of the planet is more or less 0 °C. In terms of temperature, it could be habitable [although not comfortable]. But small stars like Proxima have a lot of magnetic activity and flares, and give out a lot of X-rays, all of which does not favour life.

    The way Earth initially contacts the San-Ti is by amplifying a radio signal using the Sun. Is that possible?

    Dumusque: I think it should be possible, but not in the way the 3 Body Problem shows. We can use the effect of gravitational lensing — if there is an object passing behind the Sun, we could use the mass of the Sun to amplify the [radio signal]. But it would be amplified just in one specific direction [rather than in all directions, as shown in the program].

    The San-Ti, called Trisolarans in the books, unleash high-tech particles called sophons that use quantum entanglement to observe and communicate with Earth in real time. Is this feasible?

    Kenzie: The mechanism shown has been proven, and I think will soon be deployed in what is known as quantum satellite technology. You’re basically sending signals incredibly fast using entangled particles, where, when you measure the state of one, you immediately know the state of the other. However, there is still a caveat to that, which is that you cannot communicate faster than the speed of light.

    [To ‘read’ the distant particle] you still need to send an electromagnetic signal to decode the information [which travels at the speed of light]. Trisolarans circumvent this by knowing about hidden dimensions. They have a way of tunnelling through or exploiting those dimensions. So it appears like they’re communicating faster than light in our three- or four-dimensional Universe (if you include time as the fourth dimension).

    Younan, you haven’t seen the series yet, but you’ve watched a clip in which nanofibres made by one character slice through a huge chunk of diamond as if it were cake. Are we there yet?

    Xia: First, the size of the diamond you saw in that clip, that’s impossible! If you can make that size of a diamond, I’m sure you can easily become a billionaire. As far as I know, no material has been made that’s harder than diamond. Scientists have dreamt about finding a material to beat diamond for decades. They have even identified some compounds, like [a particular type of] carbon nitride, using computer simulations, that could work, but these materials cannot be synthesized in the lab. Maybe there are some formulations of compounds that would work, materials we just don’t know of yet.

    People have also thought a carbon nanotube could be stronger than diamond. But that kind of strength is a ‘stretching’ strength and is not really suitable for cutting applications. Carbon nanotubes are rolled up sheets of graphene. But most of them are pretty short in terms of length. So far, it’s been difficult to make them even a few centimetres long without defects; I don’t know how they could’ve made these fibres [in the program].

    Matt, as the scientific adviser, were you happy with how the series turned out?

    Kenzie: The writers of this show really know a lot about science. They’re very well read, and they think about things very carefully. They’re not just asking [me for advice] to make themselves feel better, they really think about things. The level of attention to detail that they showed was something that impressed me. I was not really expecting it, to be honest.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • Cosmic rentals

    Cosmic rentals

    [ad_1]

    Hey guys! Welcome to Cosmic Rentals. Endless Entertainment for the Endless. First time here? Awesome. We’ll get you registered for a new account when you’re ready to check out, but first, I’m gonna go ahead and give you a tour of the store, explain the rental process, show you the genre selection, all that.

    So, we currently have more than 8,000 universes in stock, with new releases coming all the time from all the major Creation studios. All the universes you see in the store are for rent only, though we occasionally sell off some of the older ones, and you can sign up for our newsletter to be alerted when those sales happen.

    What else? Oh yeah! Know that we have a ‘don’t rewind’ policy with our rentals. What that means for you is, when you take home a universe, you can choose to start it over at the beginning, or else pick it up where the previous customer left off. I think it can be fun both ways. Resetting it for a fresh start is cool. Unravelling what the previous renter has done can be interesting. It gives you some choice.

    Same goes with how much influence you want to have within your experience of a universe. Some customers really just want to sit back and watch, others get hands-on in the cosmic planning, or like to fast forward to find intelligent life or civilizations and get involved in all of that. Play god for a species or two. Get creative with it. It’s totally up to you.

    Right then. Let’s take a look around the store. We’ll start with the outer shelves and work our way around to the middle.

    So first off, here to my left, you’ll see our Classics section. All these universes have cosmological constraints in the typical ranges, so standard or near-standard gravitational constants, speed of light in a vacuum, that stuff. You’ll find lots of galaxies, lots of lifeforms, and a nice big story arc. Most of the universes here last about 50 trillion years, and you can always check the back of the box for the exact runtime. Personally, I find these to be a bit predictable, but a lot of customers really love the comfort factor. Nostalgia and whatnot.

    Moving on, we have some Zen universes on this next shelf. Again, these aren’t really to my taste. I guess I don’t really get them. Nothing really happens. Everything aligns at the start so there’s no matter/antimatter war, no fusion, no heavy elements. It’s just a lot of pretty plasma and ethereal humming for billions of years. There’s not really anything for you to do, other than observe. But I guess some customers find it really relaxing or meditative or something. So if you’re into that, these are cool.

    Next we have Comedies! Some of these are really fun. Lots of especially silly lifeforms, galactic shenanigans, really unpredictable endings. I’m a big fan. This one here is … well, I guess it’s a bit raunchy at times. Cover your ears for a minute, kids. There’s a lot of interplanetary … gene-mixing, if you know what I mean. But it’s just wild and pretty hilarious. To me, anyway.

    Then we have Tragedies over here, if you’re in the mood for a real tearjerker. You’ll find your stillborn universes, intergalactic xenocides, Big Rips. All the serious stuff. For some reason, my mum really likes these, and then she gets all depressed, and then I ask why she didn’t get a Comedy, then she yells at me, and … Anyway, Tragedies. Oh! Fun fact. Kind of a spoiler I guess, but that universe up in the corner actually has like this weird, like, easter egg. If you fast-forward to the right spot, you’ll find a lifeform who is actually reading a story about … well, us. This store. This tour. This moment. Kind of a fun coincidence. Pretty interesting.

    Coming around, on this last shelf we have a selection of Avant Garde universes. Real artsy stuff. Some are kind of slow and monochromatic and stuff, but some are actually pretty cool. You’ll find, like, conscious particles, stars that sing, or a golden dragon that breathes nebulas. All the trippy, experimental stuff. They screw with your mind but can be a really cool experience.

    Finally, there’s the middle of the store. This is where you’ll find a bunch of stuff for the kids. We have some really fun beginner universes for short attention spans. Educational cosmologies, simple adventures, lots of pretty characters and cute lifeforms. Most have a runtime of just a couple trillion years. We do ask that you rewind these universes before returning them. That’s the one exception to our rule. I guess kids tend to get confused if they’re dropped into the middle of things.

    So yeah. That’s the store, guys. Let me know if you have any questions or are looking for a particular universe. I’ll do my best to help. For now, look around, and when you’re ready, we’ll get you registered and on your way. Oh, and don’t forget to grab a snack with your rental. There’s a 2 for 1 deal right now.

    Happy renting!

    The story behind the story

    Dave Kavanaugh reveals the inspiration behind Cosmic rentals.

    Before their extinction, I worked for a time in a video-rental store. New customers were always given a store tour and it was this little speech that inspired Cosmic rentals.

    There’s something charming to me about the idea of a listless god perusing the aisles of a corner shop in search of a night’s entertainment. It takes the holiness out of the whole ‘Creator’ equation, a prospect that’s appealed to me since I was a child. Growing up in a religious household, the reverence in which believers held their deities always seemed unnecessary to me. To believe in a god is one thing, to love and worship them is something else entirely.

    I’m a staunch defender of the view that an artist’s intentions and interpretation of their own work are of little importance. Instead, it’s up to the individual spectator to determine meaning and judge the quality of a work of art. Why not view the Creator’s handiwork in the same subjective manner? Put another way, if all the world is truly just a stage and we in it merely players, that doesn’t mean we must greet the playwright with rousing applause.

    Today’s hot new creation myth is that of the simulation hypothesis, but this new story comes with all the same problems as the old, the same overconfidence, lack of evidence and absence of any real effect on our daily lives. But from a storyteller’s point of view, it does offer some fun and tantalizing possibilities.

    If our Universe is indeed a carefully designed narrative, what genre of game or story is it? Are we NPCs in a superbeing’s virtual playground, spirits of a former world being punished for past deeds, or something else entirely, existing in a simulation so alien to our minds that asking us to comprehend its form is like asking a molecule of pigment to unravel the grand design of a Van Gogh painting?

    In writing Cosmic rentals, it seemed obvious to me that whatever else our own Universe is, it is a tragedy, at least when viewed through the English-class lens of Shakespearean categories. For the Universe itself — not to mention every life within it — shall end not with a happy marriage, but with a tragic death.

    Bummer.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • Dogwhistles, drilling and the roots of Western civilization: Books in brief

    Dogwhistles, drilling and the roots of Western civilization: Books in brief

    [ad_1]

    Dogwhistles and Figleaves

    Jennifer Mather Saul Oxford Univ. Press (2024)

    This timely book on racist and conspiratorial language in politics draws on Donald Trump’s election as US president in 2016 and his continued popularity. Philosopher Jennifer Saul examines “dogwhistles” — coded terms such as ‘88’, used by white supremacists to mean ‘Heil Hitler’ — and “figleaves” such as ‘I’m not a racist, but …’ to disguise a racist remark. Most commentators on the Trump era focus either “on the racism, or on the spread of obvious falsehoods”, she notes, whereas she analyses the parallels between the two.

    Look Again

    Tali Sharot & Cass R. Sunstein Bridge Street/Little, Brown (2024)

    Neuroscientist Tali Sharot and behavioural economist Cass Sunstein accept that habituation — getting used to things — “is crucial for survival: it helps us adapt quickly to our environment”. However, dishabituation is crucial to new experiences. Their wide-ranging book covers both. A chapter about the German people’s incremental habituation to Nazism in the 1930s considers the 1961 experiments of psychologist Stanley Milgram, in which a participant complied when told to apply incremental electric shocks to a human subject.

    How the World Made the West

    Josephine Quinn Bloomsbury (2024)

    As a historian of the ancient world, Josephine Quinn receives many applications from students wishing to study ancient Greece and Rome as the supposed roots of Western civilization. Her book dismantles this outdated view by showing the involvement of many other cultures. Greece and Rome openly adapted Mesopotamian law codes and literature, Egyptian stone sculpture, Assyrian irrigation techniques and a Levantine alphabet. “It is not peoples that make history, but people” and their interconnections, she argues.

    Mysteries of the Deep

    James Lawrence Powell MIT Press (2024)

    In 1881, “Charles Darwin was the first to propose drilling” of the sea floor — specifically coral reefs — for scientific purposes, notes geologist James Powell. In 1912, Alfred Wegener published his theory of continental drift; it was controversial at the time, but received support from a series of scientific programmes beginning in 1968 with the Deep Sea Drilling Project. The current iteration, the International Ocean Discovery Program, can drill into Earth’s mantle. Powell skilfully brings this probing history of sea-floor drilling to life.

    The New Documents in Mycenaean Greek

    Ed. John Killen Cambridge Univ. Press (2024)

    Linear B, dating from around 1450 to 1200 bc, is the earliest European script that can be read today. Rediscovered in Crete in 1900 and dubbed Minoan, it was later found in mainland Greece, at sites including Mycenae. In 1952, the script was deciphered and found to be early Greek by architect Michael Ventris. He and classicist John Chadwick analysed it in Documents in Mycenaean Greek (1956). This has now been updated as two volumes edited by classicist John Killen, with expert essays on Mycenaean society.

    Competing Interests

    The author declares no competing interests.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • Londoners see what a scientist looks like up close in 50 photographs

    Londoners see what a scientist looks like up close in 50 photographs

    [ad_1]

    Nature’s Where I Work photo-essay section has profiled more than 200 scientists so far, working in settings that range from Vatican City to the University of the West Indies. Now, 50 of the published images are appearing in an outdoor public exhibition in London.

    The selection of portraits, which are also collated online, features working researchers in diverse and important fields. The exhibition is organized in collaboration with Argent, a retail-management company based in London.

    Memers of the public look at a photo in an outdoor exhibition of portraits of scientists

    Two passers-by pause at one of the display boards. On the side facing the camera is a portrait of biotechnologist Sara Abdou, who explores the genetics behind ornamental-flower colours.Credit: John Sturrock

    The images, commissioned especially for the journal, are on display in the King’s Cross area, near to Springer Nature’s corporate offices in the United Kingdom. The free exhibition aims to inspire younger generations to consider a career in science, technology, engineering or mathematics, and to challenge stereotypical preconceptions of what a scientist looks like and does. The portraits will remain on display until June 2024.

    The exhibition is dedicated to Karen Kaplan, the senior careers editor who launched Where I Work in 2019, to mark Nature’s 150th anniversary. Karen died in November 2023.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • Dad always mows on summer Saturday mornings

    Dad always mows on summer Saturday mornings

    [ad_1]

    I’d told Dad to wait to do his biweekly Saturday mowing because I was coming over, so of course, he was a quarter of the way through the job as my car parked itself. I sighed. He was so predictable.

    I waited for him by the open hatch of my car. He stopped mowing and approached, his dark skin sheened by sweat, his silver hair drenched beneath his cap.

    “The hat looks good,” I said. I’d suggested gifting him one that would send me biometric readings, but he’d insisted on basic cloth.

    He grunted. “My favourite daughter bought it for me. Couldn’t let it go to waste.”

    I was his only child. “I brought you something for your birthday. Not a hat,” I added, seeing the question posed on his lips. I threw back the towel that covered the object on the floor. “Ta-da!”

    He regarded the gift with a blank face. “What is it?”

    I set the small, wheeled black box on the pavement. “An automatic mower, the newest model! See, I already —”

    “There’s nowhere for the clippings to go.”

    “It has a concealed balloon that fills up as it works,” I said with practised patience. “The bot senses when the biodegradable bag is full and will automatically eject it at a set location and load a new one. I’ve already input an entire map of the whole yard, Dad. It’ll start at the usual time you mow in the summer.” Which was right now. Dad had probably begun early, despite my plea, because he wanted the yard to look ‘nice’ for me. He’d never cared much about how the interior of the house looked — nor had Mom, when she was alive — but the yard was his point of pride, his domain. That’s why I knew he’d resist this change with every ounce of his being.

    It’s also why I knew that if I didn’t buy an automatic mower for him, I’d come over one day and find him collapsed in the yard. Again. And this time they might not be able to save him at the hospital.

    “This thing is too expensive.” He shook his head. “I don’t even want to think of what it cost. You need to take it back.”

    “No, I want you to try it out first. Watch.” Before he could argue further, I used my watch to initiate the mower. Lights flickered on across the carapace.

    “Greetings! I’m ready to get to work,” said the bot. I thought its voice was chipper without being annoying, but Dad’s glower showed he was not won over. “I detect that some mowing has already been completed. I’ll continue.” With a happy chime, it set off.

    At Dad’s raised eyebrow, I answered, “Its sensors look for partial mowing work, obstacles, all that stuff. If the weather turns bad mid-job, it’ll go back to base and ask to reschedule the remaining duty later.”

    “I see.” We watched the mower for a few minutes. It cut with fast efficiency. “I like mowing.” The soft words would’ve been lost beneath the roar of an older mower like the one parked nearby; that thing was practically twentieth-century and required a lot of physical exertion on his part. I’d remembered it being in the garage almost my entire life.

    I released a long breath. “I know you do, Dad. But you’re getting older. You already had one scare while mowing. You know how long and hot these summers are now — climate change is no joke. It’s killing a lot of people. I don’t want you to join those statistics.”

    Dad said nothing for a few minutes. “It’s mowing in straight lines like I do.”

    “Yeah. I told it to.” That earned me a sidelong glance and a quirk of a smile. “How was your book club this week?”

    We continued to talk about our lives in recent days as the mower finished up. Dad frowned as the bot parked itself in the garage, adjacent to where the old mower would go. “It did an OK job,” he said, somewhat grudgingly.

    “The bot’s AI will learn to operate better. We can provide feedback to help.” I tried not to look at the old mower, and I sure didn’t mention it. I didn’t want Dad to become defensive again. “I’ll send you the manual so you can get the app set up, too, and take things from here. I’ll keep monitoring, as well, though.” I wanted him to know I’d make sure the bot was filling those clipping bags. “I gotta go now.”

    “I still think you spent too much money,” he muttered, giving me a sweaty hug.

    “I love you, too, Dad,” I said, laughing as I got into my car.

    I let it drive just past the hedges then forced a manual stop. I got out to stand concealed in the shade.

    Just as I expected, Dad revved up his old mower and went back to where he left off. He moved quickly since the machine didn’t really need to cut much grass — it was a touch-up, more like he was taking the mower on a walk. That meant he’d be done fast and wouldn’t exert himself nearly as much.

    Oh, I’d ask Dad soon if he’d tweaked the AI on the bot to improve its work, but that could wait. Dad loved his biweekly Saturday summer mowing. Now he could still feel like he was doing it, but in a much milder form.

    I waited until he was done before I left. In my last glance back, he was fanning himself with the hat that’d been given to him by his favourite daughter.

    The story behind the story

    Beth Cato reveals the inspiration behind Dad always mows on summer Saturday mornings.

    I’ve written many stories on the subject of AI. I find it funny that this one, which was inspired by reading Mo Gawdat’s book Scary Smart, doesn’t delve deep into the subject at all. Really, it’s about generational resistance to technological advancements, and how that plays into the loving relationship of a daughter and father. I drew a lot from my own relationship with my parents. Even though my dad has increasing health issues, he insists on doing yardwork during increasingly hot and dry California summer days. I worry about him, but there’s no convincing him to stop. He grew up on a rural Alabama farm, and he takes joy in that kind of labour.

    I can see many ways that AI can help my parents through medical aid or daily accommodations, and I can anticipate even more reasons why they will baulk. Expense will be a big reason, but there’s also a sense of stubbornness, an attitude of “I’ve done it this way and I’ll continue to do it this way”. Change is a scary thing, for sure. There’s comfort found in staying with the familiar.

    I now live far away from my hometown. There’s only so much I can do to help my parents. I have to pick my battles. And, like the protagonist of my story, I find that sometimes compromise is necessary. A little bit of technological help is better than none at all.

    [ad_2]

    Source link

  • Three possible muses

    Three possible muses

    [ad_1]

    Neil stared at the scrolling numbers on the screen. It should have worked, but it hadn’t.

    “Damn,” he said. He spun on his chair to consult his whiteboard again, even though he knew it all by heart.

    But now there was something new. In the middle of his equations and arrows and doodles, there was a hole. A big one. It started at the floor and rose up most of the way to the top of the board, all eerie purple light and jagged edges, something from a cheap B movie.

    “Um. Damn?” Neil tried again.

    Another Neil walked through the hole. It was Neil, Neil could tell. It was just one of those things, like recognizing your own handwriting, or your own laugh. Not that he was laughing now.

    “Don’t waste time with being surprised,” the other Neil said. “Your proof that observer effects increase quantum stability is almost done.”

    Neil regarded his new self. He wore a pair of cargo pants and the green shirt that was one of his favourites. He looked tired.

    “We don’t have much time,” the new Neil said. “I know. It’s a cliché, but lots of things are.”

    Part of the closest wall dissolved into a hole much like the first, but glowing green rather than purple. Another Neil stepped out. This one wore a lab coat and his head was shaved, but he was definitely a Neil. He grinned, and the first Neil, the tired one, groaned.

    “The trick,” bald Neil said, “is to not think about the problem. Not directly. Try looking at it from a new angle.”

    “No,” tired Neil said. “You have to knuckle down. You have to remember what Frost said.”

    “The only way out is through?” Neil asked. He often thought of that poem when he was stuck on a problem.

    “Yes!”

    “No!” shouted a new voice, as yet another Neil appeared. This one had at least opened the lab door and walked through, although the corridor outside was glowing a bright yellow. This next version of himself wore a leather jacket and walked with a definite swagger.

    “Take the other road! Go back to Frost! Or maybe go for a cup of coffee. Don’t look for the answer, let it find you! All the best breakthroughs are like that.”

    “I’ve broken something, haven’t I?” Neil asked, meaning his brain.

    “No,” all three of himself said.

    “But,” the tired version of himself continued, “you are close to a breakthrough. We’re your quantum possibilities.”

    “That’s not how quantum mechanics works,” Neil told himself. All three of him.

    “You aren’t possible. The three of you. Me, I mean.”

    “Oh?” cool Neil asked.

    “We aren’t?” bald Neil asked.

    “Come on, use your head,” tired Neil said. “You’re close to working it out. Observer effects. If you could observe possible wavefunctions, what would happen to them?”

    “They would collapse, I suppose.”

    “OK, good.” Tired Neil looked like having to explain himself to himself was taxing. “And what are those wavefunctions? The ones before they collapse? Just possibilities, really.”

    “Really? You’re telling me you are three abstract concepts come to give me a hand?”

    “Yes, and no,” said Neil in the jacket, the one that Neil could only ever pull off as a possibility.

    “When you have your breakthrough, the local wavefunctions must collapse to one — the one instance of reality in which you figured out your calculations. One of us will be you, actualized. The others …”

    “Where does an abstract concept go when it isn’t a possibility anymore?” Neil asked himself. All three of him nodded.

    “Hard work! That’s how you will sort it,” tired Neil said.

    “Turn your whiteboard upside down!” said bald Neil. “Look at things differently!”

    “No, no. Take a break. Go to the movies. Maybe get a coffee. You could ask out that barista we keep smiling at,” said cool Neil.

    Tired Neil pushed cool Neil aside. “That’s just putting off the work that needs to be done!” he snapped.

    Bald Neil took the chance to lean in. “Come on!” he said. “I don’t want to collapse. You’ve got to make a decision here. Just flip the whiteboard for a start. Look at things from a different perspective!”

    The two other Neils grabbed bald Neil and dragged him away from the bench. He struggled with them, and they struggled with him, and Neil struggled with what he was seeing. And then the whiteboard got bumped and it tipped forward, hitting the power board the computer tower was plugged into. There was a fizzling, a few sparks and the smell of burnt plastic. The screen blinked off, and the scrolling simulations collapsed into nothingness.

    Kind of like a wavefunction, Neil supposed.

    Neil righted the whiteboard and looked around the empty lab. Of course it was empty — why did he feel like it would be anything else? It wasn’t like he wanted anyone to have witnessed … whatever it was he had just done. Knocking over the whiteboard and blowing up his own work, apparently.

    Maybe he had been working too hard. He ran a hand through his thin hair. He should just shave it all off. Sometimes he thought about it. But then again, if he was going to do something drastic to his appearance, he’d rather it be something cool. Like a leather jacket.

    But right now he wanted a break from all his hard work. Maybe a cup of coffee. That would take his mind off everything for a bit. Then he could get back to it.

    He had a feeling he was close to the answer.

    The story behind the story

    Matt Tighe reveals the inspiration behind Three possible muses.

    The Great and Troublesome Observer Effect! In my best moments I put it in the category of stuff that will occasionally puzzle me, like the hate for pineapple on pizza or how my usually quiet neighbour can very occasionally love karaoke so much. Sometimes, though, it really gets to me. How much of the world is built on what we experience, and how much of it do we change simply by … being? In a Universe of infinite possibilities, do we pare everything back to one created world simply by looking upon it?

    Those thoughts are too deep for me, and most probably rubbish, as well. I’m not a philosopher, nor a physicist! But it did seem kind of meta, and I love the idea of someone trying to sort through possibilities and grappling with the Observer Effect personified. That is where this story came from — plus, I’ve always wondered if I should shave my head. Everyone I have ever asked has said no.

    [ad_2]

    Source link